Uso de fáscia peitoral maior em preenchimento de dorso nasal: relato de caso / Use of pectoralis major fascia in dorsal nasal augmentation: case report

O aumento do dorso nasal nas rinoplastias é foco de estudo de diversos trabalhos que buscam as melhores fontes de enxerto e técnicas cirúrgicas. A utilização de cartilagem já é consagrada para este fim, a partir do septo nasal, da concha auricular ou dos arcos costais. Nos últimos anos, têm-se buscado meios para reduzir a palpabilidade e dispersibilidade dos enxertos cartilaginosos. Assim, são descritos materiais sintéticos, como o SURGICEL®; e, autólogos, representados pelas fáscias. A fáscia temporal é mais amplamente utilizada, porém requer uma nova incisão cirúrgica, aumentando o tempo e a morbidade da cirurgia. É também descrito o uso de fáscia lata e fáscia reto abdominal, comparativamente mais espessas e menos flexíveis. Em muitos casos de rinoplastia fazse necessária a retirada da cartilagem costal, o que permite a coleta de fáscia do músculo peitoral maior pela mesma incisão cirúrgica. Dessa forma, descrevemos a utilização da fáscia do músculo peitoral maior envolvendo cartilagem costal picada, em uma rinoplastia estruturada com aumento do dorso.

Increasing the nasal dorsum in rhinoplasty is the focus of several studies that seek the best graft sources and surgical techniques. The use of cartilage from the nasal septum, ear shell, or costal arches is already established for this purpose. In recent years, methods have been sought to reduce the palpability and dispersibility of cartilaginous grafts. Thus, synthetic materials such as SURGICEL® and autologous materials such as fascia have been explored. Temporal fascia are more widely used but require a new surgical incision, increasing surgical time and morbidity. Also described is the use of fascia lata and rectus abdominis fascia, which are comparatively thicker and less flexible. In many rhinoplasty procedures, it is necessary to remove the costal cartilage, which allows the collection of fascia from the major chest muscles through the same surgical incision. Thus, we describe the use of major chest muscle fascia and chopped costal cartilage in structured rhinoplasty to increase the dorsum.

Complications with PMMA compared with other materials used in cranioplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been considered a suitable material for cranioplasty. However, no consensus has been reached concerning the best material for cranioplasty with regard to minimizing complications. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the complication rates of PMMA with those of autologous bone and titanium mesh. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42016042725). Systematic searches were conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. The focus question was, "Do PMMA prostheses used in cranioplasty have complications rates similar to those of autologous bone and titanium mesh?" A meta-analysis of complication rates was performed on the basis of dichotomous outcomes assessed by risk ratio (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). From 1014 data sources, 11 articles were selected according to eligibility criteria. These articles involved 1,256 individuals and 1,278 cranioplasties using autologous bone (n = 408), PMMA (n = 379), or titanium (n = 151). The follow-up period ranged from 63 days to 54.3 months. No difference was observed between the complication rates of PMMA and autologous bone (p = 0.94; RR, 0.98; 95%CI, 0.54-1.75) or between PMMA and titanium (p = 0.38; RR, 1.59; 95%CI, 0.57-4.48). Sub-analysis of the reasons for craniotomy (trauma/non-trauma) was conducted, which revealed no significant difference (p = 0.91; RR, 0.95; 95%CI, 0.37-2.42). The meta-analysis indicated that the use of PMMA yields complication rates that are near those of autologous bone and titanium mesh.

Incisão vertical para remoção de osso autógeno da sínfise mentual: relato de dois casos clínicos / Vertical incision to autogenous bone removal from the mental symphysis: report of two clinical cases

O presente artigo apresenta o relato de dois casos clínicos onde através de uma técnica alternativa de incisão vertical foram removidos tecidos ósseos da região de sínfise mentual para aumento de volume ósseo em outra região para posterior reabilitação com implante osseo integrado. No primeiro relato em um paciente de 40 anos foi removido osso autógeno em bloco da sínfise mentual com a técnica da incisão vertical para aumento vertical na região da pré-maxila associado com biomaterial e posteriormente instalados dois implantes cilíndricos na região dos 12 e 22. O segundo relato, em paciente com 72 anos, removeu osso particulado da região de sínfise mentual e procedeu-se a enxertia do seio maxilar através da técnica da janela lateral e ambas as áreas utilizaram a técnica da incisão vertical.Constatou-se em ambos os casos minimização de edemas e sintomatologia dolorosa pós-operatórias e nenhum paciente relatou parestesia na região doadora, algo comum em casos com a remoção pela técnica tradicional.

This paper presents a report of two cases where using an alternative technique of vertical incision were removed bone tissue of the symphysis chin region to increase bone volume in another region for later rehabilitation with osseointegrated implant. The first report on a 40 year old patient was removed autogenous bone in the chin symphysis block with the vertical incision technique for vertical increase in pre maxilla associated with biomaterial and then installed two cylindrical implants in the region of 12 and 22. The second account in patients with 72 years removed particulate bone symphysis chin region and decided to graft the maxillarysinus through the lateral window technique and both areas have used the technique of vertical incision. It was found in both cases minimizing swelling and postoperative painful symptoms and no patients reported numbness in the donor area, something common in cases with removing the traditional technique.

Auto-expansão da pele em reconstrução mamária tardia com retalhos sem expansor: um novo conceito / Auto skin expansion in delayed breast reconstruction using flaps without expander: a new concept

Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi de compartilhar experiência de 10 anos com um novo conceito para reconstrução mamária autóloga utilizando retalhos desepitelizados pediculados para obter expansão de tecido sem o uso de expansores alogênicos. Metódos: Estudo retrospectivo de pacientes submetidos a reconstrução com retalho toracodorsal desepitelizado (uma combinação de musculocutâneo de latíssimo do dorso com extensão facio cutânea torácica), retalho latíssimo do dorso desepitelizado ou retalho TRAM desepitelizado. Todos os retalhos foram acomodados sob a pele onde foi realizada a mastectomia, não foram utilizadas placas de pele em nenhum dos casos. Resultados: O total de 208 pacientes incluindo 137 retalhos toracodorsal, 60 retalhos TRAM e 11 retalhos latíssimo do dorso desepitelizado foram utilizados pelo cirurgião sênior. O tempo médio da cirurgia foi de 90 minutos, 120 minutos e 140 minutos para retalhos latíssimo do dorso desepitelizados, toracodorsal, e TRAM, respectivamente. A média de seguimento foi de 4 anos, variando de 1 a 10 anos. Apesar de perda completo de retalho não ter sido relatada, a necrose gordurosa foi encontrado em 12% dos retalhos de TRAM. A expansão de tecido sem a necessidade de expansor alôgenico ou implantes foi obtido em todos os pacientes; a expansão sob a mama não irradiada ocorreu em 3 meses seguido da reconstrução, enquanto a expansão sob a mama irradiada ocorreu gradualmente ao longo de 5 meses após a reconstrução. A média do tamanho da mama obtida foi o molde C. Secundário aos procedimentos incluindo a lipofilling (20%), a remodelagem da mama contralateral foi necessária em 93% dos casos. Conclusão: Nos casos selecionados, a expansão do tecido da pele onde foi realizada mastectomia pode ser obtida somente com uso de tecido autólogo sem a necessidade de expansores de pele. O método disponibiliza um novo conceito em reconstrução de mama autóloga evitando assim o uso de material prostético.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to share the authors 10 year experience with a new concept in autologous delayed breast reconstruction using deepithelialized pedicled flaps in order to achieve tissue expansion without the use of allogenic expanders. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the patients who underwent deepithelialized thoracodorsal flap (a combination of a musculocutaneous LD with a thoracic fasciocutaneous extension), deepithelialized latissimus dorsi flap or deepithelialized TRAM flap reconstruction between 1999 and 2009 was performed. All the flaps were buried under the mastectomy skin and no skin paddles were used in any of the cases. Results: A total of 208 patients including 137 thoracodorsal, 60 TRAM and 11 deepithelialized Latissimus dorsi flaps were performed by the senior surgeon. The average operative time was 90 minutes, 120 minutes and 140 minutes for the deepithelialized Latissimus dorsi, thoracodorsal and TRAM flaps respectively. The mean follow-up period was 4 years, ranging from 1 to 10 years. Although no complete flap loss was reported, fat necrosis was found in 12% of TRAM flaps. Tissue expansion without the need of allogenic expanders or implants was achieved in all the patients; expansion under the non irradiated breast occurred over the 3 months following reconstruction, where as that under irradiated breasts occurred gradually over the 5 months following reconstruction. The average breast size obtained was cup C. Secondary procedures included lipofilling (20%), contralateral breast remodeling was done in 93% of the cases. Conclusion: In selected cases, tissue expansion of mastectomy skin can be solely achieved by autologous tissue without the need to skin expanders. This method provides a new concept in autologous breast reconstruction circumventing the use of prosthetic material.

Cerebral Angiographic Findings of Cosmetic Facial Filler-related Ophthalmic and Retinal Artery Occlusion

Cosmetic facial filler-related ophthalmic artery occlusion is rare but is a devastating complication, while the exact pathophysiology is still elusive. Cerebral angiography provides more detailed information on blood flow of ophthalmic artery as well as surrounding orbital area which cannot be covered by fundus fluorescein angiography. This study aimed to evaluate cerebral angiographic features of cosmetic facial filler-related ophthalmic artery occlusion patients. We retrospectively reviewed cerebral angiography of 7 patients (4 hyaluronic acid [HA] and 3 autologous fat-injected cases) showing ophthalmic artery and its branches occlusion after cosmetic facial filler injections, and underwent intra-arterial thrombolysis. On selective ophthalmic artery angiograms, all fat-injected patients showed a large filling defect on the proximal ophthalmic artery, whereas the HA-injected patients showed occlusion of the distal branches of the ophthalmic artery. Three HA-injected patients revealed diminished distal runoff of the internal maxillary and facial arteries, which clinically corresponded with skin necrosis. However, all fat-injected patients and one HA-injected patient who were immediately treated with subcutaneous hyaluronidase injection showed preserved distal runoff of the internal maxillary and facial arteries and mild skin problems. The size difference between injected materials seems to be associated with different angiographic findings. Autologous fat is more prone to obstruct proximal part of ophthalmic artery, whereas HA obstructs distal branches. In addition, hydrophilic and volume-expansion property of HA might exacerbate blood flow on injected area, which is also related to skin necrosis. Intra-arterial thrombolysis has a limited role in reconstituting blood flow or regaining vision in cosmetic facial filler-associated ophthalmic artery occlusions.

Viability of costochondral graft in temporomandibular joint ankylosis

Temporomandibular joint [TMJ] ankylosis is a very distressing structural condition that causes severe facial disfigurement leading to pathopsychological stress. Impairment of speech, difficulty with mastication, rampant caries, poor oral hygiene, disturbances of facial growth and severely compromised airway are the leading consequences of TMJ ankylosis. Surgical intervention is the widely accepted treatment modality of TMJ ankylosis. Current study was performed on 30 patients for three years [2009-2012] department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children Hospital and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore and costochondral graft was used to treat mandibular ankylosis. 21 [70%] patients were males and were divided into age groups of 2-5, 6-12 and 13-18 years. Regarding the side of mandible involved in male patients, unilateral ankylosis was found in 15[50%] and bilateral ankylosis were found in 6[20%] patients. Similarly in female patients, unilateral ankylosis was found in 7[23%] and bilateral ankylosis was seen in 2[7%] patients. Regarding post-operative monitoring of graft, bone scintigraphy was performed one week after the surgery and then after 12 weeks and 16 weeks to assess the viability and uptake of costochondral graft. Tc.99m MDP bone scan was performed in supine position with intravenous administration of 370MBq one week after the placement of graft. Results showed that out of 30 patients, CCG graft was viable in 28[93%] while it was non-viable in 2[7%] patients

Long-term following-up of viability of spleen autotransplants in the Beagle canine model / Avaliação em longo prazo da viabilidade do autotransplante de baço em cães Beagle

PURPOSE: To examine the possible late complications of splenectomy or spleen autotransplantation in large laboratory animal model, in which we need non-invasive or minimal-invasive methods for long-term monitoring of the experimental animals. METHODS: Experimental groups of beagle dogs were: non-operated control, sham-operated control, splenectomy, spleen autotransplantation with 5 or 10 spleen-chips taken into the greater omentum (Furka's technique). Prior to operations, on the 1st postoperative week, monthly till the 6th as well as in the 9th and 12th month, hemorheological examinations were performed. In postoperative 12th month colloid scintigraphy and diagnostic laparoscopy were carried out. At the end of the investigation comparative morphological examinations were performed, too. RESULTS: From the 4th-5th postoperative month filtration function of spleen-autotransplants showed particular restoration compared to splenectomy group. However, the functional results did not reach the values of the control or sham-operated groups. Sham-operated control's scintigraphy nicely showed activity in the spleen. In spleen autotransplantation-groups scintigraphy indicated well the activity of spleen-chips. During diagnostic laparoscopy spleen-chips with their blood supply were found. Histologically, the structure of spleen­autotransplants was similar to normal splenic tissue. CONCLUSIONS: The autotransplants are regenerated, their functions have been partly restored, and thus spleen autotransplantation may prevent the possible complications of splenectomy. These parameters and the presented investigative protocol are suitable for long-term following-up of viability of the spleen-autotransplants.

OBJETIVO: Examinar as possíveis complicações tardias da esplenectomia ou do autotransplante de baço em modelo animal de grande porte, no qual faz-se necessário o uso de métodos não invasivos ou minimamente invasivos para monitorizar os animais de experimentação. MÉTODOS: Grupos experimentais de cães beagle foram: não-operados controle, sham-operados controle, esplenectomia, autotransplante de baço com 5 ou 10 fatias de baço colocados no grande omento (técnica de Furka). Antes das operações, na 1ª semana de pós­operatório, mensalmente até 6o.assim como no 9º. e 12º. mês, foram realizados exames hemorreológicos. No 12º. mês de pós-operatório, cintilografia colóide e laparoscopia diagnóstica foram realizadas. Ao final do experimento, exames morfológicos comparativos foram realizados também. RESULTADOS: A partir do 4º-5º mês pós-operatório, a função de filtração dos baços autotransplantados mostraram particular restauração comparados ao grupo esplenectomia. Entretanto, os resultados funcionais não alcançaram os valores dos grupos controle ou sham-operados. A cintilografia dos controles sham-operados mostraram atividade no baço. Nos grupos de autotransplante, a cintilografia indicou bem a atividade das fatias de baço. Durante a laparoscopia diagnóstica, as fatias de baço com seu suprimento sanguíneo foram encontrados. Histologicamente, a estrutura dos autotransplantes de baço foi similar ao tecido normal de baço. CONCLUSÕES: Os autotransplantes são regenerados, suas funções foram parcialmente restauradas, e então ao autotransplantate esplênico pode prevenir as possíveis complicações da esplenectomia. Estes parâmetros e o protocolo experimental são adequados para o seguimento em longo prazo da viabilidade de autotransplantes esplênicos.

Ophthalmic Artery Obstruction and Cerebral Infarction Following Periocular Injection of Autologous Fat

We report a case of ophthalmic artery obstruction combined with brain infarction following periocular autologous fat injection. The patient, a 44-year-old woman, visited our hospital for decreased visual acuity in her left eye and dysarthria one hour after receiving an autologous fat injection in the periocular area. Her best corrected visual acuity for the concerned eye was no light perception. Also, a relative afferent pupillary defect was detected in this eye. The left fundus exhibited widespread retinal whitening with visible emboli in several retinal arterioles. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a hyperintense lesion at the left insular cortex. Therefore, we diagnosed ophthalmic artery obstruction and left middle cerebral artery infarction due to fat emboli. The patient was managed with immediate ocular massage, carbon dioxide, and oxygen therapy. Following treatment, dysarthria improved considerably but there was no improvement in visual acuity.

Age at transplantation and outcome after autologous stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with multiple myeloma

The optimal treatment of patients with multiple myeloma [MM] is not well defined, in part because these patients are underrepresented in clinical studies. Autologous stem cell transplantation [auto-SCT] after high-dose melphalan chemotherapy can result in a prolonged response duration and survival in patients under 65 years of age. Single-center, retrospective study of patients treated at Paoli-Chalmette Institute Cancer Centre, between January 1994 and January 2007 [96 months] We compared the outcome of elderly [age >65 years] patients with younger patients aged between 60 and 65 years with MM. We compared 82 elderly patients with 104 younger patients. Except for age, both groups had comparable demographic features, disease characteristics, and prognostic factors. Induction VAD chemotherapy was comparable between the elderly [87%] and younger [94%] group. Prior to auto-SCT, the calculated hematopoietic cell transplantation-specific co-morbidity index was also comparable. With a median follow-up of 41 months [range, 5-227 months] after auto-SCT, 120 patients were still alive. Disease progression [n=40; 61%] was the main cause of death, and it was comparable in the two groups. Auto-SCT-related mortality was 3.8% [n=4/104] in younger and 3.7% [n=3/82] in older patients. Comparing younger/older subjects, progression-free survival was significantly higher in the younger group [P<.0001]. However, disease response rates after the first auto-SCT was comparable and overall survival [OS] was also comparable [57% vs. 54% at 5 years, P=NS; 32% vs. 24% at 10 years, P=NS]. In a Cox multivariate analysis model, none of the relevant characteristics was shown to be a critical prognostic feature for OS. Age was insignificant for both OS and transplant-related mortality. We conclude that there is no biological justification for an age-discriminate policy for MM therapy. Physiologic aging is likely more important than chronologic aging

Carbon fibre cage vs. autograft for anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion: graft morbidity and clinical outcome

We performed a study to evaluate and compare the clinical outcome following anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion [ACDF] with either carbon fibre cage [CFC] implant or iliac crest autograft for cervical spondylotic patients. A retrospective review of 66 consecutive patients [30 in the autograft group and 36 in the CFC group] who underwent ACDF for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, myelopathy, or both at one or two levels over a 4 year period from 1999-2002. We evaluated clinical outcome including symptomatic relief, operative morbidity and length of stay in each group. Postal questionnaires were sent to all patients to assess their clinical outcome [one year minimum follow-up] Neck Disability Index [NDI] was slightly better in the CFC group [man: 16.42, SD: 10.24] compared to autograft group [mean: 19.9, SD: 14], the difference was statistically insignificant [p>0.2]. Patient's self-rating of overall functions in the CFC group were better in 73% of patients, same in 21% and worse in 6% compared to better in 55%, same in 27%, and worse in 18% in the autograft group [p>0.2]. Arm pain rating were better in 70%, same in 24%, and worse in 6% [CFC group] compared to better in 59%,s ame in 26%, and worse in 14% [autograft group] [p>0.2]. There was a significant rate of long-term donor site pain in the autograft group [mild pain at the time of answering in 54.5% of patients]. There was one graft-related complication in each group. In the radiculopathic patients [19 autograft, 20 CFC] the difference in length of stay was significant [autograft; mean 4.1, median 4 vs. CFC; mean 3.75 median 3] [p=0.050]. Autograft and CFC implants for anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion are both safe and effective. No significant differences were found in the long-term clinical outcomes. The use of CFC implant however, can avoid donor site pain and achieve a shorter hospital stay

Impacto da mitomicina-C tópica na deposição de colágeno em torno de enxerto de gordura na prega vogal de coelhos: estudo histológico e morfométrico / Impact of topical mitomycin-C in the deposition of collagen around fat grafts in vocal folds of rabbits: histologic and morphometric study

Desde o início de 1990, a enxertia de gordura na prega vocal é descrita como um método para reparar a insuficiência glótica. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os efeitos da aplicação tópica de mitomicina-C no processo cicatricial de enxertos autólogos de gorduras inseridos em pregas vocais de coelhos através da medida da deposição de colágeno. Vinte e oito coelhos foram submetidos a enxertia de gordura em ambas pregas vocais. As pregas vocais direitas recebeu previamente a aplicação tópica de mitomicina-C (0,4mg/ml) durante cinco minutos enquanto que as pregas vocais esquerdas formavam o grupo controle (sem mitomicina-C). Quatro grupos com 6 coelhos cada foram sacrificados com 7, 14, 30 e 90 dias após a cirurgia de enxertia. As pregas vocais foram removidas para estudo histológico com a intenção de quantificar a deposição de colágeno através da coloração por Picrossírius Red sob microscopia polarizada. A deposição de colágeno foi menor em todos os grupos de pregas vocais que receberam aplicação tópica de mitomicina-C quando comparada com as pregas vocais do grupo controle. No presente estudo, a aplicação tópica de mitomicina-C antes da enxertia de gordura reduziu significativamente a deposição de colágeno (p = 0,05).

Since the early 1990s, fat implantation in the vocal fold is described as a method of repairing glottal insufficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical application of mitomycin in the healing process with collagen deposition measurement around of autologous fat implants inserted in rabbits vocal folds. Twenty-eight rabbits were submitted to a fat implant in the both vocal folds. The right vocal folds received previously topical application of mitomycin (0,4mg/ml) for five minutes and the left vocal folds were the control group (without mitomycin). Four groups of 6 rabbits each were sacrificed 7, 14, 30 and 90 days after the implantation. The samples of the vocal folds were collected for histological analysis with the purpose of quantifying the collagen deposition by Picrosirius Red stain under polarization microscopy. The collagen deposition was lower in all groups of vocal folds with topical application of mitomycin than in control groups. In the present study, the topical application of mitomycin before the fat grafts reduced significantly the collagen deposition (p = 0,05).

Osteointegração da hidroxiapatita sintética no processo alveolar da mandíbula de cães: aspectos clínicos e radiográficos / Osteointegration of synthetic hydroxyapatite in alveolar process of the jaw of dogs: clinical and radiographic aspects

Avaliou-se o efeito da hidroxiapatita sintética na regeneração do osso alveolar e o efeito no tecido vivo de cães. Em dois grupos de 14 cães adultos hígidos, pesando entre 10 e 15kg, foram criados defeitos de 6 x 5mm na superfície vestibular do processo alveolar mandibular direito até atingir a raiz do quarto pré-molar. Em um grupo (tratado), o defeito foi preenchido com hidroxiapatita sintética; o grupo sem tratamento foi usado como controle. Efetuaram-se avaliações clínicas diárias durante uma semana, avaliações radiográficas após a cirurgia e aos oito, 21, 42, 60, 90 e 120 dias do pós-operatório. Vinte e quatro cães apresentaram inflamação, sendo a recuperação no grupo tratado mais lenta. Todos os animais tiveram sangramento com a hidroxiapatita. No grupo-controle houve aumento crescente da radiopacidade dos defeitos, no entanto, aos 120 dias do pós-operatório, os defeitos ainda eram visíveis. No grupo tratado, inicialmente a radiopacidade foi maior que a do osso normal, com diminuição gradual até se tornar semelhante à do osso vizinho, 60 dias após a cirurgia. A hidroxiapatita T290800-1 acelerou o preenchimento do defeito provocado no processo alveolar e acarretou inflamação e hemorragia gengival, o que, no entanto, não contra-indicou o seu uso.

The effect of the synthetic hydroxyapatite on the regeneration of the alveolar bone of dogs and on the alive tissue were evaluated. In two groups of 14 adult healthy dogs, weighing from 10 to 15kg, some defects around 6 x 5mm were provoked on the vestibular surface of the right jaw alveolar process until reaching the root of the forth premolar. In one group, the defect was infilled with synthetic hydroxyapatite. The no treated group dogs were used as control. Clinical evaluations were daily performed over one week, as well as radiographic evaluations after surgery, and on 8, 21, 42, 60, 90 and 120 days after surgery. Twenty-four dogs showed inflammation and the recovery in the treated group was slower than in the control group. Bleeding at the presence of hydroxyapatite was observed in all the animals. The radiographic examination presented an increasing radiopacity in the control group; however, this defect was still visible on day 120 after operation. Initially, in the treated group, radiopacity was higher than that of the normal bone and a gradual decrease occurred until becoming similar to the adjacent bone on day 60 days after surgery. The hydroxyapatite T290800-1 accelerated the infilling of the defect provoked in the alveolar process and caused gingival inflammation and hemorrhage; however, this does not contraindicate its use.

Preliminary evaluation of non-penetrating deep sclerectomy with autoloyous scleral implant in open-angle glaucoma

The aim of this study is to evaluate the short term result of the use of an autologous scleral implant during the non penetrating deep sclerectomy operation instead of the more expensive collagen implant. This study included 20 eyes of 20 patients with mean age of 42.3 +/- 8.1 years. All patients were indicated for conventional deep sclerectomy operation but we implanted an autologous scieral implant. This technique succeeded in declining the mean lop to 13.8 +/- 2.46 by the end of the follow up period. The final success rate was complete success in 65% of cases and qualified success in additional 30%. Nd: YAG goniopuncture was needed in about 40% of cases but the disadvantage was the early need for this procedure. The laser interference was needed around the third month postoperatively in most of the cases. The use of autologous scleral implant can give a comparable result to the use of the expensive collagen implant in controlling IOP but with less operative cost to the patient. The only problem in this technique is the more implant-induced fibrosis. So, Nd: YAG goniopuncture should be considered to be done within the first 3 months of surgery especially in cases with advanced glaucomatous cupping and major visual field defects

Implante lobar autólogo pós pneumonectomia: modelo experimental em cães / Autologous lobar lung implant after pneumonectomy: experimental model in dogs

OBJETIVO: Estudar no implante lobar autólogo a eficiência da anastomose brônquica simples, a perfusão pulmonar e as complicacões devido a desproporcão doador/receptor. MÉTODOS: Estudou-se 15 cães submetidos à pneumonectomia esquerda, e reimplante do lobo caudal. Estudou-se a perfusão pulmonar e a anastomose brônquica, respectivamente, por cintilografia e por broncografia. O sacrifício ocorreu aproximadamente 200 dias após a cirurgia para o estudo das anastomoses e medidas de volumes e pesos pulmonares. RESULTADOS: Quatro cães foram a óbito, um por deiscência precoce de anastomose brônquica, 1 com infeccão e outros 2 por infarto pulmonar devido a oclusão da veia pulmonar no local da anastomose. A perfusão relativa do pulmão direito e esquerdo foram em média respectivamente 72,7 por cento e 27,3 por cento. A broncografia não mostrou nem estenose nem outras alteracões na anastomose brônquica. No momento do sacrifício o lobo caudal ocupava totalmente a cavidade pleural sem que houvesse evidentes desvios do mediastino. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo mostrou que a sutura brônquica término-terminal desprotegida não levou a complicacões anastomóticas. Não houve complicacões pelo fato do lobo implantado ter ocupado somente metade da cavidade pleural. As complicacões mais importantes foram o infarto pulmonar e deiscência total da parede torácica. Tanto a broncografia como a cintilografia se mostraram eficientes respectivamente, para o estudo da anastomose brônquica e da perfusão relativa do pulmão funcionante in vivo.

Avaliação da função diastólica após o transplante autólogo, intracoronário, de células mononucleares da medula óssea em pacientes submetidos à angioplastia primária / Left ventricle diastolic function after intracoronary autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells transplantation in patients treated primary angioplasty

Objetivo:Avaliar o impacto do transplante autólogo de células mononucleares da medula óssea(TACMMO) sobre a função diastólica(FD) do ventrículo esquerdo, através do ecocardiograma(ECO) COM Doppler Tecidual(DT). Métodos: Estudo randomizado e aberto. Foram incluídos 9 pacientes(7 homens), admitidos no Hospital Pró-Cardíaco com IAM com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST e submetidos a angioplastia primária coronariana com sucesso. Estavam entre o 3° e 5° dias pós-infarto, com disfunção segmentar no ECO e defeito fixo de perfusão maior que 10 por cento na área relacionada ao infarto na cintigrafia de repouso. Foram acompanhados por 3 meses e distribuídos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos: grupo tratado com TACMMO (GT; n igual 6) e grupo controle(GC, n igual 3). O ECO foi arquivado digitalmente e analisado de forma "cega". Foi estudado o fluxo diastólico mitral(FDM), incluindo-se os picosE, A e relação E/A. Ao DT avaliaram-se os picos E' e A' do anel mitral(AM) lateral(E'lat e A'lat) e septal(E's e A's), além das relações E'lat/A'lat, E's/A's entre os picos E e E'lat(E/E'). Resultados: No GT, normalizou-se o FDM em 2 pacientes. No GC piorou o FDM em 1 paciente, sem melhora nos outros 2. Ao DT, ocorreu normalização da FD em 3 pacientes no AM septal, sem melhora no GC. O E'lat diminuiu no GC e aumentou no GT. A E'lat não mudou no GC e aumentou no GT. A E/E' aumentou no GC e diminuiu no GT. Conclusões: Nos pacientes estudados, a FD analisada pelo FDM e pelo DT apresentou melhor evolução no grupo com TACMMO

Transplante de células progenitoras em Pediatria / Stem cells graft in Pediatrics

A autora define o procedimento que dá título ao trabalho e analisa suas indicaçöes, técnica, contra-indicaçöes e os diferentes tipos de transplante, a saber, autólogo, alogenéico e singenéico, relacionando ao final as complicaçöes imediatas e tardia que podem ocorrer com esta forma de tratamento

Relación entre las principales alteraciones metabólicas con las cardiovasculares durante el trasplante hepático / Relationship between the main metabolic and cardiovascular alterations during liver transplantation

El principal objetivo fue describir la evolución de las concentraciones de calcio iónico sanguíneo (Ca2+), potasio sanguíneo (K+) y magnesio iónico sérico (Mg2+); y su relación con las alteraciones cardiovasculares durante el trasplante ortotópico de hígado (TOH). Se estudiaron 92 pacientes adultos tratados con TOH. Se encontró una correlación inversa entre las concentraciones Mg2+ y citrato para todos los pacientes. El Mg2+ al igual que el Ca2+, es quelado por el citrato y su evolución es una imagen especular a la del citrato. En estos pacientes, no se observó ninguna disritmia que pueda ser atribuida directamente a la hipomagnesemia iónica. En conclusión, los bajos niveles preoperatorios, junto con las trasfusiones masivas de hemoderivados y el incremento de las pérdidas renales, provocan una progresiva hipomagnesemia iónica en los pacientes tratados con TOH. Se propone que la concentración de Mg2+ sea monitorizada y eventualmente tratada, al igual como se realiza con el Ca2+ y el K=